The church of St Magnus the Martyr was built by Sir
Christopher Wren following the Great Fire of London in 1666. Wren's
elegant new church replaced a medieval building that stood at the
northern end of the original London Bridge.
The history of this area of London goes back much
further, into the Roman period. A wooden timber that formed part of the
Roman riverside wall dating to AD 65 is preserved in the portico under
the tower of the present church.
The identity of the St Magnus to whom the church is
dedicated is disputed. It is now dedicated to St Magnus Erlendsson, Earl
of Orkney, who died in 1116 or 1117. Magnus was lured
to the remote island of Egilsay to meet his cousin and political rival.
Magnus was treacherously murdered by his cousin, who seized power. He
was buried in Kirkwall, and St Magnus Cathedral was raised in his
honour. A richly coloured stained glass window in the south wall of the
church depicts St Magnus and the church on Egilsay where he was slain.
However, scholarly opinion is increasingly coming to the
conclusion that the original dedication was to St Magnus of Anagni, a
2nd-century Italian saint whose cult was widespread. |